Transformasi Transportasi Perkotaan Di Kota Padang: Analisis Modernisasi Angkutan Tradisional Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Struktur Sosial-Ekonomi Masyarakat

Abstract

The transformation of urban transportation in Padang City reflects a structural shift from a traditional system dominated by angkot (public minivans) to modern modes such as Bus Rapid Transit (Trans Padang) and app-based transportation services. This transformation not only enhances mobility efficiency but also affects the socio-economic fabric of the city, particularly among angkot drivers and lower-middle-class commuters. This study aims to analyze the impacts of transportation modernization on the sustainability of traditional sectors, changes in user behavior, and government policy directions toward inclusive and sustainable urban mobility. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a literature study approach, supported by secondary data from the Padang City Transportation Office and the Central Bureau of Statistics. The findings reveal a 47% decline in active angkot units since 2018, indicating a displacement effect within the informal transport sector. Nevertheless, angkot services remain resilient in areas not covered by Trans Padang, owing to their flexibility and strong social ties between drivers and passengers. The study concludes that the success of transport modernization depends significantly on local policy capacity to integrate traditional and modern systems equitably. Therefore, urban transport development in Padang should be directed toward the concept of smart mobility combining technological efficiency with social justice and public participation.